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EERC Publications Related to Coal Ash
To request a publication, contact:
Rosemary Pleva Flynn
Librarian & Manager, Library & Information Services
(701) 777-5134
rflynn@undeerc.org
NOTE: Due to copyright restrictions, the EERC may or may not be able to provide copies of certain publications.
Buckley, T.D.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Review of Texas Regulations, Standards, and Practices Related to the Use of Coal Combustion Products; Final Report for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and Headwater Resources; EERC Publication 2005-EERC-01-01; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, Jan 2005.
Buckley, T.D.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Sager, J.; Ward, J. Review of State Regulations, Standards, and Practices, Related to the Use of Coal Combustion Products: Texas Review Case Study. In Proceedings of the World Coal Ash Conference; Lexington, KY, April 11-15, 2005.
Dockter, B.A.; Jagiella, D.M. Engineering and Environmental Specifications of State Agencies for Utilization and Disposal of Coal Combustion Products. In Proceedings of the World Coal Ash Conference; Lexington, KY, April 11-15, 2005.
Hassett, D.J. Using Laboratory Leaching Methods to Evaluate CCBs. In Proceedings of the World Coal Ash Conference; Lexington, KY, April 11-15, 2005.
Hassett, D.J.; Heebink, L.V.; Pflughoeft- Hassett, D.F.; Zacher, E.J.; Brickett, L. Quantitation and Interpretation of Release of Mercury from Coal Utilization By-Products. In Proceedings of the World Coal Ash Conference; Lexington, KY, April 11-15, 2005.
Hassett, D.J.; Heebink, L.V.; Pflughoeft- Hassett, D.F.; Zacher, E.J.; Brickett, L. Quantitation and Interpretation of Release of Mercury from Coal Utilization By-Products. World of Coal Ash Conference, Special Issue of Fuel 2005, in review.
Hassett, D.J.; Heebink, L.V.; Zacher, E.J. A Method for Determining Microbiologically Mediated Release of Elemental and Organomercury Compounds from CCBs Using SPME, Gas Chromatography, and Atomic Fluorescence, In Proceeding of PITTCON® 2005; Orlando, FL, Feb 7-March 4, 2005.
Hassett, D.J.; Heebink, L.V.; Zacher, E.J. Development of a Test Method to Determine Swell and Expansion Potential in CCBs, In Proceeding of PITTCON® 2005; Orlando, FL, Feb 7-March 4, 2005.
Hassett, D.J.; Heebink, L.V.; Zacher, E.J. Real-Time Thermal Devolatilization of Mercury and Mercury Compounds from CCBs Detected with Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, In Proceeding of PITTCON® 2005; Orlando, FL, Feb 7-March 4, 2005.
Hassett, D.J.; Zacher, E.J.; Heebink, L.V. Determination of Expansion Potential of Coal Combustion By-Products. In Proceedings of the World Coal Ash Conference; Lexington, KY, April 11-15, 2005.
Hassett, D.J.; Zacher, E.J.; Heebink, L.V. Long-Term Storage of Air-Sampled Mercury on Gold-Coated Quartz Tubes, In Proceeding of PITTCON® 2005; Orlando, FL, Feb 7-March 4, 2005.
Hassett, D.J.; Zacher, E.J.; Heebink, L.V. Organomercury Compound Determination from Microbiologically Mediated CUB Samples. In Proceedings of the World Coal Ash Conference; Lexington, KY, April 11-15, 2005.
Hassett, D.J.; Pflughoeft- Hassett, D.F.; Heebink, L.V. Leaching of CCBs: Observations from Over 25 Years of Research. 2003 International Ash Utilization Symposium, Special Issue of Fuel 2005, 84 (11), 1378-1383.
Hesbach, P.; Beck, M.; Eick, M.; Daniels, W.L.; Burgers, C.; Greiner, A.; Hassett, D.J.; Heebink, L.V. Interlaboratory Comparison of Leaching Methods. In Proceedings of the World Coal Ash Conference; Lexington, KY, April 11-15, 2005.
Heebink, L.V.; Hassett, D.J. Mercury Release from FGD. 2003 International Ash Utilization Symposium, Special Issue of Fuel 2005, 84 (11), 1372-1377.
Manz, O.; Pflughoeft- Hassett, D.F. Historical Perspective of Coal Ash Marketing and Promotion in the USA. In Proceedings of the World Coal Ash Conference; Lexington, KY, April 11-15, 2005.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Coal Combustion Products-Characteristics and Management, Presented at the Coal Combustion Product Optimization Conference, Aug 31-Sept 1, 2005, Denver, CO.
Benson, S.A. Ash Formation: The Coal Conversion Process. Presented at the Coal Ash Professionals Training Course, Bloomington, MN, May 10–13, 2004.
Buckley, T.D. Instructions for Use of Fly Ash to Stabilize Soil in Livestock Facilities. AS-1258, North Dakota State University: Fargo, ND, Jan 2004.
Buckley, T.D.; Hanson, S.K. Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Flexcrete(tm) Production Market Feasibility Study; Final Report (Dec 8, 2003 - Feb 6, 2004) for Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa; EERC Publication 2004-EERC-02-03; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, Feb 2004.
Dockter, B.A. Engineering Evaluation: Coal Combustion By-Products Specifications and Standards. Presented at the Coal Ash Professionals Training Course, Bloomington, MN, May 10–13, 2004.
Dockter, B.A. Engineering Specifications of State Departments of Transportation for Utilization of Coal Combustion Products. In Proceedings of Western Fuels Symposium: 19th International Conference on Lignite, Brown, and Subbituminous Coals; Billings, MT, Oct 12–14, 2004.
Eylands. K.E. (presented by Benson, S.A.). Coal 101. Presented at the Coal Ash Professionals Training Course, Bloomington, MN, May 10–13, 2004.
Gunderson, J.R. Fuel Selection and Preparation - What Is the Impact to CCBs? Presented at the Coal Ash Professionals Training Course, Bloomington, MN, May 10–13, 2004.
Hassett. D.J. Environmental Evaluation. Presented at the Coal Ash Professionals Training Course, Bloomington, MN, May 10–13, 2004.
Hassett. D.J. Mercury and Its Impact to CCBs. Presented at the Coal Ash Professionals Training Course, Bloomington, MN, May 10–13, 2004.
Hassett, D.J. The Chemical Composition of CCBs and What You Need to Know When Requesting or Performing a Chemical Evaluation. Presented at the Coal Ash Professionals Training Course, Bloomington, MN, May 10–13, 2004.
Hassett, D.J.; Heebink, L.V.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Mercury and Air Toxic Element Impacts of Coal Combustion By-Product Disposal and Utilization; Year 1 Annual Draft Report for U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-FC26-03NT41727; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, April 2004.
Hassett, D.J.; Heebink L.V.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Potential for Mercury Vapor Release from Coal Combustion By-Products. Air Quality III: Mercury, Trace Elements, and Particulate Matter, Special Issue of Fuel Process. Technol. 2004, 85 (6-7), 613–620; Elsevier Science Publishers: Amsterdam.
Hassett, D.J.; Heebink, L.V.; Zacher, E.J. Determination of Organomercury Compounds from Microbiologically Mediated Mercury Release Experiments Using Gas Chromatography with SPME Sample Introduction after Boroethylation, Boropropylation, or Borophenylation. Presented at the A&WMA Power Plant Air Pollutant Control "Mega" Symposium, Washington, DC, Aug 30–Sept 2, 2004.
Hassett, D.J.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Heebink, L.V. Leaching of CCBs: Observation from Over 25 Years of Research. Fuel 2004,in review.
Heebink, L.V.; Hassett, D.J. Evaluation of Coal Combustion By-Product Mercury ReRelease Potential. Prepr. Pap.–Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Fuel Chem. 2004, 49 (1).
Heebink, L.V.; Hassett, D.J. Mercury Release from FGD. Fuel 2004, in press.
Holmes, M.J. Mercury Control Technologies. Presented at the Coal Ash Professionals Training Course, Bloomington, MN, May 10–13, 2004.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Coal Combustion By-Products (CCBs): Description, Utilization, and Industry Perspective. Presented at the Coal Ash Professionals Training Course, Bloomington, MN, May 10–13, 2004.
Pflughoeft- Hassett, D.F. Mercury, Coal Combustion By-Products, and the Potential for Rerelease. In Proceedings of Western Fuels Symposium: 19th International Conference on Lignite, Brown, and Subbituminous Coals; Billings, MT, Oct 12-14, 2004.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. The Current State of the Science Related to Rerelease of Mercury from Coal Combustion Products. Presented at the 2nd Annual Stack Emissions Symposium, Clearwater Beach, FL, July 28–30, 2004.
Pflughoeft- Hassett, D.F.; Dockter, B.A.; Hassett, D.J.; Heebink, L.V.; Solc, J.; Buckley, T.D. Demonstration of Coal Ash for Feedlot Surfaces; Final Report; EERC Publication 2004-EERC-02-10; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, Feb 2004.
Pflughoeft- Hassett, D.F.; Hassett, D.J.; Heebink, L.V.; Eylands, K.E.; Buckley, T.D.; Gallagher, J.R.; Zacher, E.J. Mercury and Air Toxic Element Impacts of Coal Combustion By-Product Disposal and Utilization. Year 1 Project Review Meeting, EERC, April 15, 2004.
Berland, T.D.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Dockter, B.A.; Eylands, K.E.; Hassett, D.J.; Heebink, L.V. Review of Handling and Use of FGD Material. In Proceedings of the 15th International Symposium on the Management and Use of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs); St. Petersburg, FL, Jan 27–30, 2003.
Hassett, D.J.; Heebink, L.V. Long-Term Mercury Vapor Release from CCBs. In Proceedings of the Air Quality IV: Mercury, Trace Elements, and Particulate Matter Conference; Arlington, VA, Sept 22-24, 2003; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, 2003.
Hassett, D.J.; Heebink, L.V.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Gieske, A.L.; Schluessler, L.M. Development of an Expansion Test for CCBs. Abstract presented at the American Coal Ash Association 15th International Symposium on Management and Use of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs), St. Petersburg, FL, Jan 27–30, 2003.
Hassett, D.J.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Heebink, L.V. Leaching of CCBs: Observations from Over 25 Years of Research. Presented at the 2003 International Ash Utilization Symposium, Lexington, KY, Oct 20-22, 2003.
Heebink, L.V.; Hassett, D.J. Environmental Evaluation of Coal Ash; Final Report (Sept 2002 – May 2003) for Eco-Systems Inc.; EERC Publication 2003-EERC-05-03; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, May 2003.
Heebink, L.V.; Hassett, D.J. Environmental Evaluation for Utilization of Ash in Soil Stabilization. In Beneficial Use of Recycled Materials in Transportation Applications; Taylor Eighmy, T. Ed.; Air & Waste Management Association: Sewickley, PA, 2003; pp 853–860.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Stabilizing Feedlots Using Coal Ash. In Proceedings of the 15th International Symposium on the Management and Use of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs); [CD-ROM]; St. Petersburg, FL, Jan 27–30, 2003; EPRI; Palo Alto, CA, 2003.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Berland, T.D.; Dockter, B.A.; Eylands, K.E.; Hassett, D.J.; Heebink, L.V. Review of Handling and Use of Wet and Dry FGD Materials; CARRC Report for Utility Solid Waste Activities Group; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, April 2003.
Dockter, B.A. High-Temperature Materials Research; Final Report (Oct 1, 2002–May 31, 2002) for U.S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC26-98FT40321; EERC Publication 2002-EERC-06-03; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, June 2002.
Gieske, A.L.; Schluessler, L.M.; Hassett, D.J. Thermal Desorption of Mercury from Coal Fly Ash. Presented at the 94th North Dakota Academy of Science Annual Meeting, Grand Forks, ND, April 25–26, 2002.
Hassett, D.J.; Berland, T.D.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Air Sampling for Mercury at the Fort Mandan Visitors Service Center; Final Report (June 1 – Oct 31, 2002) for North Dakota Lewis & Clark Bicentennial Foundation: EERC Publication 2002-EERC-12-01; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, Dec 2002.
Hassett, D.J.; Heebink, L.V.; Gallagher, J.R.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Microbial Release of Mercury from Coal Combustion By-Products (CCBs). Presented at the USDI Office of Surface Mining Meeting, Denver, CO, April 16–18,2002.
Hassett, D.J.; Heebink, L.V.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Potential for Mercury Release from Coal Combustion By-Products. In Proceedings of the Air Quality III: Mercury, Trace Elements, and Particulate Matter Conference; Arlington, VA, Sept 10–12, 2002; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, 2002.
Hassett, D.J.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Evaluating Coal Combustion By-Products (CCBs) for Environmental Performance. Presented at the USDI Office of Surface Mining Meeting, Denver, CO, April 16–18, 2002.
Heebink, L.V. Large-Volume Use of CCBs in Soil Stabilization. Coal Ash India – A Newsletter of the GEP Project (with support from USAID – India) 2002, Feb (3), 1–6.
Heebink, L.V.; Hassett, D.J. Release of Mercury Vapor from Coal Combustion Ash. J. Air Waste Manage. 2002, 52 (8), 927–930.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Mercury Research at the University of North Dakota Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC). Abstract Presented at Hg Control – The Effects on By-Products, Pittsburgh, PA, March 19, 2002.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Anderson, V.; Berland, T.D.; Birchall, S.; Dockter, B.A.; Hassett, D.J.; Heebink, L.V.; Solc, J. Stabilizing Feedlots Using Coal Ash. Presented at the Carrington Research Extension Center Beef and Bison Field Day, Carrington, ND, July 16, 2002, Vol 3, pp 5–7.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Dockter, B.A.; Hassett, D.J.; Heebink, L.V.; Solc, J.; Berland, T.D.; Stewart, A.; Anderson, V. Demonstration of Coal Ash for Feedlot Surfaces; Year 2 Annual Report for U.S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC21-98FT40321 and multiclients; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, Jan 2002.
Berland, T.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Development of a Buyer’s Guide to Coal Ash-Containing Products. In Proceedings of the American Coal Ash Association 14th International Symposium on Management & Use of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs) Volume 2; San Antonio, TX, Jan 22–26, 2001; EPRI 1001183; American Coal Ash Association: Alexandria, VA, 2001; pp 1-1–1.14.
Goss, D.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. The Value of Regional Ash Partnerships. In Proceedings of the American Coal Ash Association 14th International Symposium on Management & Use of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs) Volume 2; San Antonio, TX, Jan 22–26, 2001; EPRI 1001183; American Coal Ash Association: Alexandria, VA, 2001; pp 81-1–81-5.
Heebink, L.V.; Hassett, D.J. Release of Mercury Vapor from Coal Combustion Ash. Presented at the 2001 International Ash Utilization Symposium, Lexington, KY, Oct 22–24, 2001.
Heebink, L.V.; Hassett, D.J. Release of Mercury Vapor from Coal Combustion Ash. Presented at the U.S. EPA/DOE/EPRI Combined Power Plants Control Symposium: The Mega Symposium, Chicago, IL, Aug 21-23, 2001.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Dockter, B.A.; Hassett, D.J.; Eylands, K.E.; Hamre, L.L. Use of Bottom Ash and Fly Ash in Rammed-Earth Construction. In Proceedings of the American Coal Ash Association 14th International Symposium on Management & Use of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs) Volume 1; San Antonio, TX, Jan 22–26, 2001; EPRI 1001158; American Coal Ash Association: Alexandria, VA, Jan 2001, pp 45-1–45-20.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Dockter, B.A.; Hassett, D.J.; Solc, J. Demonstration of Coal Ash in Feedlot Settings. Presented at the ACAA's 14th International Symposium on Mangement & Use of Coal Combustion Products, San Antonio, TX, Jan 22-26, 2001.
Dockter, B.A. Freeze–Thaw Testing for City of Winnipeg Revised Pavement Mixes; Final Report; EERC Publication 2000-EERC-10-03; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, Oct 2000.
Hassett, D.J.; Groenewold, G.H.; Beaver, F.W. ; Manz, O.E. Effects of CCBs on Groundwater Quality After Mining. Presented at the Use and Disposal of Coal Combustion By Products at Coal Mines, Morgantown, WV, April 11–13, 2000.
Hassett, D.J.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Environmental Performance and Regulatory Status of Coal Combustion By-Products (CCBs). Presented at the Use and Disposal of Coal Combustion By Products at Coal Mines, Morgantown, WV, April 11–13, 2000.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Practical Working Definition for Materials from Conversion of Coal for Power Production. Energeia 2000, 11 (4).
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Feedlot Stabilization Using Coal Combustion Byproducts: An Annotated Bibliography; CARRC Topical Report, Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, Aug 2000.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Berland, T. Buyer’s Guide to Coal Ash-Containing Products. Presented at the Coal Ash Resources Research Consortium (CARRC) Annual Meeting, Energy & Environmental Research Center, Grand Forks, ND, Sept 27, 2000.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Dockter, B.A.; Hassett, D.J.; Eylands, K.E.; Hamre, L.L. Use of Bottom Ash and Fly Ash in Rammed-Earth Construction; final report for North Dakota Industrial Commission Contract No. NDIC LMFS 99-29; EERC Publication No. 2000-EERC-09-03; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, Sept 2000.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Sondreal, E.A.; Steadman, E.N.; Eylands, K.E.; Dockter, B.A. Production of Coal Combustion By-Products: Processes, Volumes, and Variability. Presented at the Use and Disposal of Coal Combustion By Products at Coal Mines, Morgantown, WV, April 11–13, 2000.
Dockter, B.A. Impact of Coal Fly Ash on Set Time of Concrete. Presented at the American Coal Ash Association 13th International Symposium on the Management and Use of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs), Orlando, FL, Jan 10–14, 1999.
Dockter B.A.; Eylands, K.E.; Hamre, L.L. Use of Bottom Ash and Fly Ash in Rammed-Earth Construction. In Proceedings of the 1999 International Ash Utilization Symposium; Lexington, KY, Oct 18–20, 1999.
Hassett, D.J. A Generic Leaching Procedure to Predict Environmental Impact of Reactive Materials Such as Coal Combustion By-Products. Presented at the 15th Annual Waste Testing and Quality Assurance Symposium, Arlington, VA, July 18–21, 1999.
Hassett, D.J.; Daly, D.D.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Current Practices and Issues for Placement of Coal Combustion By-Products in Mine Settings. Presented at the Western Region Ash Group 2nd Annual Coal Combustion Products (CCPs) Forum – CCP Utilization In Mining Applications, Scottsdale, AZ, Aug 17, 1999.
Hassett, D.J.; Eylands, K.E. Mercury Capture on Coal Combustion Fly Ash. Fuel 1999, 78, 243–248.
Hassett, D.J.; Mann, M.D.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Henderson, A.K.; Eylands, K.E.; Ruckstuhl, K. Environmental Performance of CFBC By-Products. In Proceedings of the 1999 International Ash Utilization Symposium; Lexington, KY, Oct 18–20, 1999.
Hassett, D.J.; Mann, M.D.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Henderson, A.K.; Ruckstuhl, K. Characterization of a Fluidized-Bed Combustion to Determine Potential for Environmental Impact. Presented at the American Coal Ash Association 13th International Symposium on the Management and Use of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs), Orlando, FL, Jan 10–14, 1999.
Hassett, D.J.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Laudal, D.L.; Pavlish, J.H. Mercury Release from Coal Combustion By-Products to the Environment. In Proceedings of the 1999 International Ash Utilization Symposium; Lexington, KY, Oct 18–20, 1999.
Hassett, D.J.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Laudal, D.L.; Pavlish, J.H. Mercury Release from Coal Combustion By-Products to the Environment. In Mercury in the Environment, Proceedings of a Specialty Conference; Air & Waste Management Association, Minneapolis, MN, Sept 15–17, 1999; pp 485–493.
Pavlish, J.H. Mercury Stability in the Environment. Final Topical Report (April 15, 1998-June 30, 1999) for U.S. Department of Energy Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC26-98FT40320; EERC Publication 99-EERC-09-03; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, Sept 1999.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Hassett, D.J.; Schroeder, M.H. Materials from Conversion of Coal for Power Production: Practical Working Definitions. In Proceedings of the 1999 International Ash Utilization Symposium; Lexington, KY, Oct 18–20, 1999.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Renninger, S. Review of Barriers to the Increased Utilization of CCBs by Government and Commercial Sectors. Presented at the American Coal Ash Association 13th International Symposium on the Management and Use of Coal Combustion Products (CCPs), Orlando, FL, Jan 10–14, 1999.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.P.; Sondreal, E.A.; Steadman, E.N.; Eylands, K.E. Dockter, B.A. Barriers to the Increased Utilization of Coal Combustion/Desulfurization By-Products by Government and Commercial Sectors B Update 1998; Topical report for U.S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Center Cooperative Agreement No. DE FC21-93MC30097; EERC Publication No. 99-EERC-07-08; July 1999.
Dockter, B.A. Comparison of Dry Scrubber and Class C Fly Ash in Controlled Low-Strength Materials (CLSM) Applications. In The Design and Application of Controlled Low-Strength Materials (Flowable Fill), ASTM STP 1331; Howard, A.K.; Hitch, J.L., Eds.; American Society for Testing and Materials: 1998; pp 13–26.
Dockter, B.A. Evaluation of Variability of Coal Fly Ash from Midwestern Utilities; Final Report for Environmental Resource Corporation; EERC Publication 98-EERC-02-03; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, Feb 1998.
Hassett, D.J. Ettringite Formation as a Fixation Technology for Immobilizing Trace Elements. Presented at the 15th Czech and Slovak Conference on Clay Mineralogy and Petrology, Brno, Czech Republic, Sept 6–10, 1998.
Hassett, D.J. The Synthetic Groundwater Leaching Procedure. In Encyclopedia of Environmental Analysis and Remediation; Meyers, R.A., Ed.; John Wiley and Sons: New York, 1998; pp 4797–4803.
Hurley, J.P.; Nowok, J.W.; Bieber, J.A.; Dockter, B.A. Strength Development at Low Temperatures in Coal Ash Deposits. Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 1998, 24, 513–521.
Mann, M.D. Characterization of Fluid-Bed Combustion Deposits; Final Report for Lockheed Martin Idaho Technologies Company; EERC Publication 98-EERC-03-01; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, March 1998.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Task 1.13 – Data Collection and Database Development for Clean Coal Technology By-Product Characteristics and Management Practices; Final Topical Report (Jan 1, 1997 – June 30, 1998) for U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-FC21-93MC30097; EERC Publication 98-EERC-10-13; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, Oct 1998.
Dockter, B.A. Comparison of Dry Scrubber and Class C Fly Ash in Controlled Low-Strength Materials (CLSM) Applications. In The Design and Application of Controlled Low-Strength Materials (Flowable Fill); Howard, A.K.; Hitch, J.L., Eds.; American Society for Testing and Materials, 1997, in press.
Dockter, B.A. Comparison of Dry Scrubber and Class C Fly Ash in CLSM Applications. Presented at the American Society for Testing Materials, St. Louis, MO, June 20, 1997.
Dockter, B.A. Evaluation and Laboratory Demonstration of Limestone Injection Dry Scrubber Residue Utilization; Final Report for Babcock and Wilcox; EERC Publication 97-EERC-01-03; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, Jan 1997.
Dockter, B.A.; Ingvalson, D.K.; Hassett, D.J. Fly Ash in Composites: High-Flexural-Strength Ceramics and Plastics. Presented at the American Coal Ash Association 12th International Coal Ash Symposium, Orlando, FL, Jan 26–30, 1997.
Dockter, B.A.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Utilization of North Dakota Lignite Combustion By-Products in Road-Building Applications. In Proceedings of the 1997 North Dakota Academy of Science Symposium; Feb 1997.
Dockter, B.A.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Utilization of North Dakota Lignite Combustion By-Products in Road-Building Applications. Presented at the American Coal Ash Association 12th International Coal Ash Symposium, Orlando, FL, Jan 26–30, 1997.
Hassett, D.J. Scientific Advancements and Their Impact on the Regulatory Process: Is Science Really Important in Regulation? Presented at the American Coal Ash Association 12th International Coal Ash Symposium, Orlando, FL, Jan 26–30, 1997.
Hassett, D.J. The Enhanced Ettringite Formation Process (EEFP) for the Treatment of Hazardous Liquid Waste Containing Oxyanionic Contaminants Such as Boron and Selenium. Presented at the 13th Annual Waste Testing & Quality Assurance Symposium, Arlington, VA, July 6–9, 1997.
Hassett, D.J. The Synthetic Groundwater Leaching Procedure. In Encyclopedia of Environmental Analysis and Remediation 1997, in press.
Hassett, D.J.; Eylands, K.E.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Fundamental Behavior of Fly Ash: Heat of Hydration. Presented at the American Coal Ash Association 12th International Coal Ash Symposium, Orlando, FL, Jan 26–30, 1997.
Hassett, D.J.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Partitioning of Trace Elements During the Air Oxidation of Scrubber Sludge. Presented at the 5th International Conference and Synthetic Gypsum, Toronto, ON, Canada, May 11–14, 1997.
Hassett, D.J.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Use of Coal Combustion By-Products for Solidification/Stabilization of Hazardous Wastes. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the North Dakota Academy of Science, Grand Forks, ND, April 24–25, 1997.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. IGCC and PFBC By-Products: Generation, Characteristics, and Management Practices; Final Report for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; EERC Publication 97-EERC-09-06; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, Sept 1997.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Dockter, B.A.; Eylands, K.E.; Hassett, D.J.; Pavlish, J.H. Impact of Mercury Emission Control Technologies on Conventional Coal Combustion Byproduct Management. Presented at the American Coal Ash Association 12th International Coal Ash Symposium, Orlando, FL, Jan 26–30, 1997.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Hassett, D.J.; Eylands, K.E. Removal of Boron and Selenium from Simulated Wastewater Using Coal Combustion By-Products. Presented at the 13th Annual Waste Testing & Quality Assurance Symposium, Arlington, VA, July 6–9, 1997.
Hassett, D.J. Ash Research at the University of North Dakota Energy & Environmental Research Center. Energeia, University of Kentucky, Center for Applied Energy Research, 1996, 7 (4), 1–5.
Hassett, D.J. Leaching Characterization Using the Synthetic Groundwater Leaching Procedures (SGLP). Am. Environ. Lab. 1996, 1–6.
Hassett, D.J.; Corbitt, B.; Eylands, K.E.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. The Use of Heat of Hydration of Coal Ash as a Predictive Tool. Presented at Pittcon® '96, Chicago, IL, March 3–8, 1996.
Ingvalson, D.K.; Dockter, B.A. Use of Fly Ash in High-Flexural-Strength Ceramics. Presented at the North Dakota Academy of Science Annual Meeting, Valley City, ND, April 25–26, 1996.
Nowok, J.W. Densification, Shrinkage, and Strength Development in Selected Coal Ashes. J. Inst. Energy 1996, 69, 9–11.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Dockter, B.A.; Eylands, K.E.; Hassett, D.J.; Pavlish, J.H. Impact of Mercury Emission Control Technologies on Conventional Coal Combustion By-Product Management. Presented at the Air & Waste Management Association 89th Annual Meeting and Exhibition, Nashville, TN, June 23–28, 1996.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Hassett, D.J.; Dockter, B.A.; Eylands, K.E.; Sondreal, E.A.; Steadman, E.N. Engineering and Regulatory Issues for Coal Combustion By-Product Characterization and Utilization. Presented at Southern Illinois University, Oct 29–31, 1996.
Butler, R.D., and Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F., 1995, Diagenesis and leaching characteristics of aged coal conversion solid residues from mine disposal environments: Final report for National Mine Land Reclamation Center, Grand Forks, North Dakota, Energy & Environmental Research Center, June 6, 1995.
Butler, R.D., Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F., Dockter, B.A., and Foster, H.J., 1995, Stabilization of underground mine voids by filling with coal conversion residuals: Final report for the National Mine Land Reclamation Center, Grand Forks, North Dakota, Energy & Environmental Research Center, June 6, 1995.
Dockter, B.A.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Development of a Coal By-Product Classification Protocol for Utilization; Semiannual Report (Jan 1 – June 30, 1995) for U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-FC21-93MC30097; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, Aug 1995.
Eylands, K.E. Solidification and Stabilization of Wastes Using Coal Fly Ash: Current Status and Direction; Topical Report for American Coal Ash Association Project Code A-2-S.92; EERC Publication 95-EERC-03-13; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, March 1995.
Eylands, K.E. Technical Issues for the Solidification and Stabilization of Wastes Using Coal Fly Ash. Presented at the 11th International Coal Ash Use Symposium, Orlando, FL, Jan 15–19, 1995.
Hassett, D.J. Heat of Hydration for Fly Ash as a Predictive Test. In Proceedings of the 12th Annual International Pittsburgh Coal Conference; Pittsburgh, PA, Sept 12–15, 1995; Chiang, S.-H., Ed.
Hassett, D.J. The Synthetic Groundwater Leaching Procedure (SGLP): A Generic Leaching Test for the Determination of Potential for Environmental Impact of Wastes in Monofills. Presented at the 11th Annual Waste Testing & Quality Assurance Symposium, Washington, DC, July 27–28, 1995.
Hassett, D.J.; Butler, R.D. Diagenesis and Leaching Characteristics of Aged Coal Conversion Solid Residues from Mine Disposal Environments (ND08). Presented at the Opening Industry Briefing by the Western Region National Mine Land Reclamation Center Program (NMLRC), Gillette, WY, June 3–8, 1995.
Hassett, D.J.; Butler, R.D.; Lillemoen, C.M. Comparative Evaluation of Methods of Selenium Analysis for Determining Potential Environmental Problems; Final Report for National Mine Land Reclamation Center; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, May 11, 1995.
Hassett, D.J.; Dockter, B.A.; Eylands, K.E.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Task 5.9 – Use of Coal Ash in Recycled Plastics and Composites Materials; Final Topical Report for U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-FC21-93MC30097; EERC Publication 95-EERC-07-02; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, Nov 1995.
Katrinak, K.A.; Benson, S.A. Trace Metal Content of Coal and Ash as Determined Using Scanning Electron Microscopy with Wave Length-Dispersive Spectrometry. Prepr. Pap.—Am. Chem. Soc., Div. Fuel Chem. 1995, 40 (4), 798–802.
Katrinak, K.A.; Zygarlicke, C.J. Size-Related Variations in Coal Fly Ash Composition as Determined Using Automated Scanning Electron Microscopy. Fuel Process. Technol. 1995, 44, 71–79.
Moretti, C.J.; Manz. O.E. Demonstration of Ash Utilization in the State of North Dakota, Final Report to Electric Power Research Institute and United Power Associates, EPRI No. RP 2422-13; EERC publication, March, 1995.
O'Keefe, C.A.; Benson, S.A.; Hassett, D.J. Selective Leaching of Coal and Coal Combustion Solid Residue. In Conversion and Utilization of Waste Materials: Taylor & Francis Publishing, 1995; Book Chapter.
O'Keefe, C.A.; Strobel, T.M.; Hurley, J.P. Development of Advanced Scanning Electron Microscopy Techniques for Characterization of Submicron Ash. Presented at the Control of Particulate Processes IV, Alberta, Canada, May 14–19, 1995.
O'Leary, E.M.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Erickson, T.A.; Eylands, K.E.; Steadman, E.N. Computer-Based Tools for Ash Management. Presented at the 11th International Coal Ash Use Symposium, Orlando, FL, Jan 15–19, 1995.
Pavlish, J.H.; Gerlach, T.R.; Zygarlicke, C.J.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Mitigation of Air Toxics From Lignite Generation Facilities; Final Report for Multiclients; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, Sept 1995.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Sulfate Resistance of Fly Ash Concrete: A Review of Current Literature. Presented at the 11th International Coal Ash Use Symposium, Orlando, FL, Jan 15–19, 1995.
Solc, J., Foster, H.J., and Butler, R.D., 1995, Environmental impact of fly ash disposal at Colorado, Illinois, and Ohio test sites – hydrogeological approach: Presented at Groundwater Quality: Remediation and Protection GQ '95, Prague, Czech Republic, May 1995.
Steadman, E.N.; Sondreal, E.A.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Eylands, K.E.; Dockter, B.D. Constraints to Waste Utilization and Disposal. In Proceedings of the Least-Cost Economic Power Generation in East Central Europe Workshop; Prague, Czech Republic, Oct 1 – Nov 1, 1994; EERC Publication 95-EERC-09-05; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, 1995; pp 109–124.
Benson, S.A.; Erickson, T.A.; Brekke, D.W.; Tibbetts, J.E.; Nowok, J.W. Coal Ash Behavior in Reducing Environments. Abstract presented at the Coal-Fired Power Systems 94—Advances in IGCC and PFBC Contractors' Review Meeting, Morgantown, WV, June 21–23, 1994.
Butler, R.D., and Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F., 1994, Stabilization of underground mine voids by filling with coal conversion residual materials (ND03) [abs.]: Presented at the 97th National Western Mining Conference and Exhibition, Denver, Colorado, March 22, 1994.
Dockter, B.D. High-Volume Fly Ash Concrete in Small Construction Projects; Topical Report (Jan – Dec 1993) for University of North Dakota Plant Services; EERC Publication 94-EERC-03-11; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, April 1994.
Eylands, K.E.; Mann, M.D. FBC Sampling and Analysis—Protocols to Aid in the Prediction and Control of Ash-Related Operational Problems; Topical Report for U.S. Department of Energy and multisponsors; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, March 1994.
Folkedahl, B.C.; Steadman, E.N.; Brekke, D.W.; Zygarlicke, C.J. Inorganic Phase Characterization of Coal Combustion Products Using Advanced SEM Techniques. In Proceedings of the Engineering Foundation Conference—The Impact of Ash Deposition on Coal Fired Plants; June 20–25, 1993; Williamson, J.; Wigley, F., Eds.; Taylor & Francis: Solihull, England, 1994; pp 399–497.
Hassett, D.J. How Valid are Current Recommended Leaching Methods for Predicting the Behavior of These Materials after Disposal or Utilization? In Proceedings of the Purdue Industrial Waste Conference; West Lafayette, IN, May 9–11, 1994.
Hassett, D.J. Scientifically Valid Leaching of Coal Conversion Solid Residues to Predict Environmental Impact. In Proceedings of the Trace Element Transformations in Coal-Fired Power Systems Workshop; Scottsdale, AZ, April 19–22, 1993; Special Issue of Fuel Process. Technol. 1994, 39 (1–3), 445–459.
Hassett, D.J.; Butler, R.D. Diagenesis and Leaching Characteristics of Aged Coal Con-version Solid Residues from Mine Disposal Environments (ND08). Denver, CO, March 22, 1994.
Hassett, D.J.; Butler, R.D. Diagenesis and Leaching Characteristics of Aged Coal Conversion Solid Residues from Mine Disposal Environments (ND08). Presented at the opening industry briefing by the Western Region National Mine Land Reclamation Center Program, Gillette, WY, June 3–8, 1995.
Hassett, D.J.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Lillemoen, C.M.; Lucht, J.R. Development of a Technique to Characterize Pozzolanic/Cementitious Materials by Heat of Hydration. Presented at the Pittcon94 Conference, Chicago, IL, Feb 27 – March 4, 1994.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Hassett, D.J.; Eylands, K.E.; Weber, G.F. An Assessment of Residues from Duct Injection Demonstration Sites. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 1994, 44, 1214–1218.
Brekke, D.W. Characterization of Erodent CFBC Bed Materials Using Advanced Scanning Electron Microscopy Techniques; Final Report for Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, Feb 1993.
Brekke, D.W.; Liebhard, M.; Bakker, W. Characterization of Erodent Bed Materials Using Advanced Scanning Electron Microscopy Techniques. Abstract for the 12th International FBC Conference, San Diego, CA, May 9–13, 1993.
Butler, R.D., 1993, Mineral diagenesis in disposed LIMB residues in Ohio and its significance for environmental and engineering performance, in International Pittsburgh Coal Conference, 10th Annual, September 20–23, 1993, Proceedings: p. 150–151.
Butler, R.D., Brekke, D.W., Foster, J.H., Šolc, J., and McCarthy, G.J., 1993, Mineral diagenesis in buried FBC ash and effects on long-term physical and chemical behavior, in Biennial Low-Rank Fuels Symposium, 17th, St. Louis, Missouri, May 10–13, 1993, Proceedings: EERC publication, p. 513–530.
Dockter, B.A. High-Volume Coal Ash Use In Grand Forks Road Construction; Report for ND Department of Transportation, Bismarck, ND; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, April 1993.
Dockter, B.A., and Manz, O.E., 1993, Economic feasibility of producing mineral wool fibers at a coal generation power plant, in International Coal Ash Use Symposium, 10th, Orlando, Florida, January 18–21, Proceedings.
Dockter, B.A., and Moretti, C.J., 1993, Development of laboratory methods for evaluating the erosion resistance of fly ash-based materials, in International Coal Ash Use Symposium, 10th, Orlando, Florida, January 18–21, Proceedings.
Energy & Environmental Research Center, 1993, Western Fly Ash Research, Development, and Data Center: Annual report and selected publications: July 1, 1991 – June 30, 1992, Grand Forks, North Dakota, Energy & Environmental Research Center, January 1993.
Folkedahl, B.C.; Eylands, K.E.; Steadman, E.N. Advanced Methods for Ash Characterization—Using Detailed Characterization Techniques to Predict and Optimize Ash Utilization Properties. In Proceedings of the 10th International Coal Ash Symposium; Orlando, FL, Jan 18–21, 1993.
Hassett, D.J. Predicting Environmental Aspects of CCSR Leachates Through the Application of Scientifically Valid Leaching Protocols. In Proceedings of the 10th Annual International Pittsburgh Coal Conference; Pittsburgh, PA, Sept 20–24, 1993; Chiang, S.-H., Ed.; p 147.
Hassett, D.J.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Environmental Assessment of Coal Conversion Solid Residues. In Proceedings of the 10th International Coal Ash Use Symposium, Orlando; Orlando, FL, Jan 18–21, 1993.
Hassett, D.J.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Lillemoen, C.M. Long-Term Leaching to Predict Environmental Impacts of Coal Conversion Solid Residues (CCSRs). Presented at the Pittsburgh Conference on Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, Atlanta, GA, March 8–12, 1993.
Hassett, D.J.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Lillemoen, C.M.; Forsberg, J.A. Comparative Leaching for Characterization of Cements and Cement Replacements (fly ash). Presented at the Pittsburgh Conference on Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, Atlanta, GA, March 8–10, 1993.
Katrinak, K.A.; Zygarlicke, C.J. Size-Related Variations in Coal Fly Ash Composition as Determined Using Automated Scanning Electron Microscopy. Presented at the Symposium on Ash Chemistry in Fossil Fuel Processes, American Chemical Society National Meeting: Chicago, IL, Aug 22–27, 1993.
Manz, O.E. Worldwide Production of Coal Ash and Utilization in Concrete and Other Products. In Proceedings of the 10th International Coal Ash Use Symposium; Orlando, FL, Jan 18–21, 1993.
Moretti, C.J., 1993, Development of fly ash-based slope protection materials for waste disposal ponds: Final report for U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-FC21-86MC10637 and Northern States Power Company, Grand Forks, North Dakota, Energy & Environmental Research Center.
Moretti, C.J., 1993, Fly ash utilization in McLean County, North Dakota: Final technical progress report (October 1, 1990 – June 30, 1992) for U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-FC21-86MC10637, Grand Forks, North Dakota, Energy & Environmental Research Center, March 3, 1993.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Hassett, D.J.; Dockter, B.A. High-Volume Fly Ash Utilization and the Effects on Groundwater in North Dakota. In Proceedings of the 10th International Coal Ash Use Symposium; Orlando, FL, Jan 18–21, 1993.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Hassett, D.J.; Dockter, B.A.; Eylands, K.E. The Characterization of Coal Creek Station Fly Ash for Utilization Potential; Final Report for Cooperative Power; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, Feb 1993.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Hassett, D.J.; Lillemoen, C.M. Comparative Leaching of Midwestern Coal Fly Ash and Cements. In Proceedings of the 10th International Coal Ash Use Symposium; Orlando, FL, Jan 18–21, 1993.
Steadman, E.N.; Beaver, F.W.; Jones, M.L.; Benson, S.A.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Cradle-to-Grave Approach—Impact of Fuel Properties on Power Production. In Proceedings of the 17th Biennial Low-Rank Fuels Symposium; St. Louis, MO, May 10–13, 1993; pp 91–103.
Strobel, T.M.; Eylands, K.E.; Hassett, D.J.; Dockter, B.A.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F. Utilization Potentials for Duct Injection Residues. In Proceedings of the 10th International Coal Ash Use Symposium; Orlando, FL, Jan 18–21, 1993.
Weber, G.F.; Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F.; Dockter, B.A.; Eylands, K.E.; Hassett, D.J. Duct Injection Technology Prototype Development: Subtask 4.2 – Waste Characterization and By-Product Utilization; Topical Report No. 9; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, Jan 1993.
Dockter, B.A., 1992, Resistance of concrete to rapid freezing and thawing: Final report, Grand Forks, North Dakota, Energy & Environmental Research Center, May 15, 1992.
Dockter, B.A., and Moretti, C.J., 1992, Fluidized-bed combustion waste—utilization and disposal: Presented at the Application of Fluidized-Bed Combustion for Power Generation Conference, Cambridge, Massachusetts, September 23–25, 1992.
Dockter, B.A., Moretti, C.J., and Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F., 1992, Utility use of coal by- products in slope protection for disposal pond embankments and high-volume cement replacement in concrete: Presented at the Annual Meeting and Exhibition of the Air and Waste Management Association Conference, 85th, Kansas City, Missouri, June 21–26, 1992.
Dockter, B.A., and Wikel, K.P., 1992, Length change of hydraulic-cement mortars exposed to a sulfate solution: Final report for Contech Admixtures Inc., Grand Forks, North Dakota, Energy & Environmental Research Center, September 30, 1992.
Folkedahl, B.C.; Brekke, D.W.; Steadman, E.N. Advanced SEM Techniques for Deter-mining Mineralogy of Coal Combustion Products. Presented at the Scanning Microscopy Meeting, 1992.
Hassett, D.J., 1992, A comprehensive chemical characterization to predict environmental impact from leachate generation [abs.], in Achieving Land Use Potential Through Reclamation, Annual National Meeting of the American Society for Surface Mining and Reclamation, 9th, Duluth, Minnesota, 1992, Proceedings: p. 548.
Hassett, D.J., 1992, Evaluation of the leaching potential of solid coal combustion wastes using scientifically valid testing protocols: Presented at the North Dakota Water Symposium, Bismarck, North Dakota, March 24–27.
Hassett, D.J., Beaver, F.W., Groenewold, G.H., Butler, R.D., and Kühnel, R., 1992, Scientific basis for waste disposal, in Energy and Environment: Transitions in Eastern Europe Conference, Prague, Czechoslovakia, April 20–23, 1992, Proceedings: Grand Forks, North Dakota, Energy & Environmental Research Center, v. II, p. 444–455.
Hassett, D.J., Thompson, J.S., and McCarthy, G.J., 1992, Ettringite formation as a fixation technology for immobilizing trace elements: Internal report for Gas Research Institute Contract No. 5089-253-1829, Grand Forks, North Dakota, Energy & Environmental Research Center, 1992.
Kühnel, R.A., Beaver, F.W., Hassett, D.J., Eylands, K.E., and Dockter, B.A., 1992, Comprehensive characterization of residuals for utilization and disposal, in Energy and Environment: Transitions in Eastern Europe Conference: Prague, Czechoslovakia, April 20–23, 1992, Proceedings: EERC publication, v. II, p. 408–418.
McCarthy, G.J., Hassett, D.J., and Bender, J.A., 1992, Synthesis, crystal chemistry and stability of ettringite, A material with potential applications in hazardous waste immobilization, in Advanced cementitious systems: Materials Resource Society Symposium, Proceedings: v. 245, p. 71–79.
Moretti, C.J.; Olson, E.S. Geotechnical/Geochemical Characterization of Advanced Coal Process Waste Streams. Task 2 Report; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, Sept 1992.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F., Daly, D.J., Hassett, D.J., and Beaver, F.W., 1992, Coal conversion solid by-products management in the North Dakota portion of the Fort Union Lignite Region, in Finkelman, R.B., Tewalt, S.J., and Daly, D.J., eds., Geology and utilization of Fort Union lignites: Reston, Virginia, Environmental and Coal Associates, p. 302–322.
Pflughoeft–Hassett, D.F., Eylands, K.E., Dockter, B.A., Strobel, T.M., Hassett, D.J., and Weber, G.F., 1992, Characteristics of duct injection residues impacting potential utilization and disposal: Presented at the 8th Annual Coal Preparation, Utilization, and Environmental Control Contractors' Conference, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, July 27–30, 1992.
Steadman, E.N.; Nowok, J.W. Gasification Ash and Slag Characterization; Final Technical Progress Report (April 1, 1986 – Dec 31, 1992) for U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-FC21-86MC10637; Energy & Environmental Research Center: Grand Forks, ND, 1992.
Zygarlicke, C.J.; Ramanathan, M.; Erickson, T.A. Fly Ash Particle-Size Distribution and Composition: Experimental and Phenomenological Approach. In Inorganic Transformations and Ash Deposition During Combustion; Benson, S.A., Ed.; American Society of Mechanical Engineers: New York, March 10–15, 1992; pp 525–544.
Christianson, L.L., 1991, Mineral wool demonstration project: Final report, Grand Forks, North Dakota, Energy & Environmental Research Center.
Dockter, B.A., 1991, Resistance of concrete to rapid freezing and thawing: Final report for the National Minerals Corporation, Grand Forks, North Dakota, Energy & Environmental Research Center.
Dockter, B.A., 1991, Resistance of concrete to rapid freezing and thawing—scaling resistance of concrete surfaces exposed to deicing chemicals: Final report, Grand Forks, North Dakota, Energy & Environmental Research Center, May 20, 1991.
Dockter, B.A., 1991, Sulfate resistance of concrete containing Texas coal ashes: Report for the North Dakota State University Chemistry Department, Grand Forks, North Dakota, Energy & Environmental Research Center.
Dockter, B.A., 1991, Sulfate resistance of concrete utilizing Coleto Creek and Harrington fly ashes with type II portland cement: Report for Ferguson Laboratory, Balcones Research Center, Grand Forks, North Dakota, Energy & Environmental Research Center.
Dockter, B.A., Moretti, C.J., and Pieper, L., 1991, Evaluating the erosion resistance of fly ash-based materials as an alterative in stabilizing the banks of waste disposal ponds [abs.]: Advanced Cementitious Systems: Mechanisms and Properties Symposium K, 1991 Fall Meeting.
Hassett, D.J., 1991, Evaluation of leaching potential of solid coal combustion wastes: Final report for the Indiana Coal Council, Inc., Grand Forks, North Dakota, Energy & Environmental Research Center.
Hassett, D.J., and Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F., 1991, Chemical stabilization and solidification for liquid and solid wastes: Presented at the 14th Annual Madison Waste Conference, Department of Engineering Professional Development, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, September 25–26, 1991.
Hassett, D.J., and McCarthy, G.J., 1991, Fixation of trace elements by ettringite—a screening study: Topical report for Gas Research Institute, Chicago, Illinois.
Hassett, D.J., Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F., and McCarthy, G.J., 1991, Ettringite formation in coal ash as a mechanism for stabilization of hazardous trace elements: Presented at the 9th ACAA International Coal Ash Utilization Symposium, Orlando, Florida, January 22–25, 1991.
Hassett, D.J., Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F., and McCarthy, G.J., 1991, Ettringite formation in coal ash as a mechanism for stabilization of hazardous trace elements, in Annual International Pittsburgh Coal Conference, 8th, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, October 14–18, 1991, Proceedings.
Hassett, D.J., Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F., and McCarthy, G.J., 1991, The synthesis of substituted ettringites—implications for disposal of hazardous materials [abs.]: Presented at the Joint Meeting of FACSS XVIII and Pacific Conference, Anaheim, California.
Moretti, C.J., and Dockter, B.A., 1991, Development of fly ash-based slope protection materials for waste disposal ponds: Demonstration-scale field test report for Northern States Power Company and U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-FC21-86MC10637, Grand Forks, North Dakota, Energy & Environmental Research Center.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F., Hassett, D.J., McCarthy, G.J., Manz, O.E., and Beaver, F.W., 1991, A database of chemical, mineralogical, and physical properties of coal fly ash—a research, utilization, and disposal aid, in ACAA International Coal Ash Utilization Symposium, 9th, Orlando, Florida, January 22–25, 1991, Proceedings: v. 3, p. 14.
Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F., Stewart, A., Moretti, C.J., Johnson, T., Hassett, D.J., and Dockter, B.A., 1991, High-volume fly ash utilization and the hydrogeologic effects at a North Dakota power generation facility, in Annual International Pittsburgh Coal Conference, 8th, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, October 14–18, 1991, Proceedings.
Pieper, L., Bluhm, S., Moretti, C.J., and Dockter, B.A., 1991, Northern States Power Company Sherburne County Units 1 and 2 fly ash pond slope protection, in Biennial Low-Rank Fuels, 16th, Billings, Montana, May 20–23, 1991, Proceedings: p. 432–444.
Steadman, E.N.; Benson, S.A.; Zygarlicke, C.J. Digital Scanning Electron Microscopy Techniques for the Characterization of Coal Minerals and Coal Ash. In Proceedings of the 16th Biennial Low-Rank Fuels Symposium; Billings, MT, May 20–23, 1991; pp 200–215.
Zygarlicke, C.J.; Erickson, T.A.; Ramanathan, M.C.; Toman, D.L. Improved Scanning Electron Microscopy Methods for Predicting Fly Ash Particle Size and Composition. In Proceedings of the 7th Annual Coal Preparation, Utilization, and Environmental Control Contractors' Conference; Pittsburgh, PA, July 15–18, 1991; pp 147–155.
Beaver, F.W., Butler, R.D., Groenewold, G.H., and Hassett, D.J., 1990, Mined land reclamation, western region—stabilization of underground mine voids by filling with coal conversion residual materials: Quarterly report (July – September 1990) for the National Mine Land Reclamation Center, Grand Forks, North Dakota, Energy & Environmental Research Center.
Beaver, F.W., Butler, R.D., Groenewold, G.H., and Hassett, D.J., 1990, Mined land reclamation, western region—stabilization of underground mine voids by filling with coal conversion residual materials: Quarterly report (October – December 1990) for the National Mine Land Reclamation Center, Grand Forks, North Dakota, Energy & Environmental Research Center.
Benson, S.A.; Zygarlicke, C.J.; Toman, D.L.; Erickson, T.A. Inorganic Transformations During Combustion: Coal and Ash Chemical Composition and Size Evolution. In Proceedings of Advanced Research and Technology Development at the Direct Utilization, Instrumentation, and Diagnostics Contractors' Review Meeting; Pittsburgh, PA, Sept 16–18, 1990; pp 257–268.
Dockter, B.A., 1990, Resistance of concrete to rapid freezing and thawing: Final report for National Minerals Corporation and Perimeter Concrete Ltd., Grand Forks, North Dakota, Energy & Environmental Research Center.
Hassett, D.J., and McCarthy, G.J., 1990, Synthesis, characterization, and stability of oxyanion-substituted ettringites [abs.], in North Dakota Water Quality Symposium, Fargo, North Dakota, March 20–21, 1990, Proceedings: p. 147.
Hassett, D.J., and McCarthy, G.J., 1990, Fixation of trace elements by ettringite—a screening study: Final report for Gas Research Institute Contract No. 5089-253-1829, Chicago, Illinois, Gas Research Institute.
Hassett, D.J., McCarthy, G.J., Kumarathasan, P., and Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F., 1990, Synthesis and characterization of selenate and sulfate-selenate ettringite structure phases: Materials Research Bulletin, v. 25, p. 1347–1354.
Kumarathasan, P., McCarthy, G.J., Hassett, D.J., and Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F., 1990, Oxyanion-substituted ettringites—synthesis and characterization, and their potential roll in immobilization of SAS, B, Cr, Se, and V, in Fly Ash and Coal Conversion By-Products: Characterization, Utilization, and Disposal VI Symposium, Materials Research Society, Boston, Massachusetts, November 1989, Proceedings: v. 178, p. 83–104.
McCarthy, G.J., Solem, J.K., Manz, O.E., and Hassett, D.J., 1990, Use of a database of chemical, mineralogical, and physical properties of North American fly ash to study the nature of fly ash and its utilization as mineral admixture in concrete, in Fly Ash and Coal Conversion By-Products: Characterization, Utilization, and Disposal VI Symposium: Materials Research Society, Boston, Massachusetts, November 1989, Proceedings: v. 178, p. 3–34.
Moretti, C.J., 1990, Fly ash composition, properties, and utilization: Presented at the 7th Annual International Pittsburgh Coal Conference, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, September 10–14, 1990.
Moretti, C.J., and Dockter, B.A., 1990, An analysis of interlaboratory variability for ASTM C618 fly ash tests: Presented at the 7th Annual Pittsburgh International Coal Conference, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 1990.
Steadman, E.N.; Benson, S.A.; Zygarlicke, C.J.; Brekke, D.W. Characterization of Liquid Phase Components in Coal Ashes and Deposits. Presented at the Pittsburgh Coal Conference, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 1990.
Steadman, E.N.; Zygarlicke, C.J.; Benson, S.A.; Jones, M.L. A Microanalytical Approach to the Characterization of Coal, Ash, and Deposit. In Proceedings of the Seminar on Fireside Fouling Problems; ASME Research Committee on Corrosion and Deposits from Combustion Gases, ASME: Washington, DC, April 1990; p 74.
Steadman, E.N.; Zygarlicke, C.J.; Benson, S.A.; Jones, M.L. A Microanalytical Approach to the Characterization of Coal, Ash, and Deposit. Scan. Microsc. 1990, 4 (3), 579–590.
Coal By-Products Utilization Laboratory, North Dakota Mining and Mineral Resources Research Institute, 1989, Utilization of ash (think fly ash), annual update, utilization of ash workshop: University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, 1989, 4 vols.
Hassett, D.J., 1989, Innovative leaching for the prediction of environmental effects of coal conversion solid waste disposal, in Biennial Low-Rank Fuels Symposium, 15th, St. Paul, Minnesota, May 22–25, 1989, Proceedings: p 565–576.
Hassett, D.J., and Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F., 1989, Immobilization of trace elements: Final report for Northern States Power Company, Grand Forks, North Dakota, Energy & Environmental Research Center, 30 p.
Hassett, D.J., Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F., Kumarathasan, P., and McCarthy, G.J., 1989, Ettringite as an agent for the fixation of hazardous oxyanions, in Annual Madison Waste Conference on Municipal and Industrial Waste, 12th, Department of Engineering Professional Development, University of Wisconsin-Madison, September 20–21, 1989, Proceedings: p. 471–482.
Henke, K.R., Malterer, T.J., Moretti, C.J., and Grohs, J.F., 1989, Removal of trace elements from western fly ash leachates using Minnesota peats, in Ness, H.M., ed., Biennial Low-Rank Fuels Symposium, 15th, St. Paul, Minnesota, May 22–25, 1989, Proceedings: p. 592–613.
Manz, O.E., 1989, Utilization of American coal combustion and gasification ashes: Presented at the Korea/USA Joint Workshop on Coal Utilization Technology, 6th, Seoul, Korea, October 17–18, 1989.
Manz, O.E., 1989, Worldwide production, utilization, and properties of lignite and brown coal ash, in Ness, H.M., ed., Biennial Low-Rank Fuels Symposium, 15th, May 22–25, 1989, Proceedings: p. 615–629.
Manz, O.E., Faber, J.H., and Takagi, H., 1989, Worldwide production of fly ash and utilization in concrete: ACI Fly Ash Conference, Trondheim, Norway, June 18–23, 1989, 4 p.
Manz, O.E., Hassett, D.J., Stevenson, R.J., Pflughoeft-Hassett, D.F., Beaver, F.W., Moretti, C.J., Groenewold, G.H., McCarthy, G.J., Solem, J.K., and Thedchanamoorthy, A., 1989, Database of chemical, mineralogical, and physical properties of North American low-rank coal fly ash, in Ness, H.M., ed., Biennial Low-Rank Fuels Symposium, 15th, May 22–25, 1989, Proceedings: p. 555–563.
Manz, O.E., McCarthy, G.J., Stevenson, R.J., Dockter, B.A., Hassett, D.J., and Thedchanamoorthy, A., 1989, Characterization and classification of North American fly ashes for use in concrete, in Alasali, M., ed., International Conference on Fly Ash, Silica Fume, Slag, and Natural Pozzolans in Concrete, 3rd, 1989, Supplementary Papers: p. 16–32.
McCarthy, G.J., Stevenson, R.J., and Oliver, R.L., 1989, Mineralogy of the residues from an underground coal gasification test, in Hemmings, R.J., Berny, E.E., Glasser, F.P., and McCarthy, G.J., eds., Fly ash and coal conversion by-products: Characterization, utilization, and disposal V, Materials Research Society Symposium, Proceedings: v. 136, p. 113–130.
McCarthy, G.J., and Thedchanamoorthy, A., 1989, Semiquantitative x-ray diffraction analysis of fly ash by the reference intensity ratio method, in Hemmings, R.J., Berny, E.E., Glasser, F.P., and McCarthy, G.J., eds., Fly ash and coal conversion by-products: Characterization, utilization, and disposal V, Materials Research Society Symposium, Proceedings: v. 136, p. 99–106.
McCarthy, G.J., Thedchanamoorthy, A., Manz, O.E., Tikalsky, P.J., and Carrasquillo, R.L., 1989, Factors affecting the ability of a fly ash to contribute to the sulfate resistance of fly ash concrete, in Hemmings, R.J., Berny, E.E., Glasser, F.P., and McCarthy, G.J., eds., Fly ash and coal conversion by-products: Characterization, utilization, and disposal V, Materials Research Society Symposium, Proceedings: v. 136, p. 273–275.
Moretti, C.J., 1989, Development of fly ash-based liner materials for waste disposal sites: Topical report for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Fossil Energy.
Moretti, C.J., 1989, HL&P ash liner column leaching tests: Final report for Dames and Moore, Houston, Texas, 10 p.
Nowok, J.W.; Benson, S.A.; Kalmanovitch, D.P. Sintering, Crystallization, and Mechanical Properties of Selected Coal Ashes. In Proceedings of the 6th Annual International Pittsburgh Coal Conference; Pittsburgh, PA, Sept 25–29, 1989; pp 90–99.
Stevenson, R.J., Hassett, D.J., McCarthy, G.H., and Manz, O.E., 1989, Solid waste codisposal study: Final report for the Gas Research Institute Contract No. 5083-253-1283, 191 p.
Thedchanamoorthy, A., and McCarthy, G.J., 1989, Semiquantitative XRD analysis of fly ash using rutile as an internal standard: Advances in X-Ray Analysis, v. 32, p. 565–572.
Beaver, F.W., Groenewold, G.H., and Hassett, D.J., 1988, Hydrogeologic effects of utility waste disposal practices, in North Dakota Groundwater Quality Symposium, Bismarck, North Dakota, March 29–30, 1988, Proceedings: p. 165–178.
assett, D.J., 1988, Leaching research—Characterization, regulation, and metal recovery: Presented at the Opportunities in the Synfuels Industry Symposium, Bismarck, ND, August 28–31, 1988, 12 p.
Hassett, D.J., Groenewold, G.H., Stevenson, R.J., Schmit, C.R., and Daly, D.J., 1988, Ion exchange and soil attenuation of Gulf Coast and Great Plains soils: Final for U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC18-84C10618, Grand Forks, North Dakota, Energy & Environmental Research Center, 93 p.
Hassett, D.J., Hassett, D.F., and Brobjorg, J.N., 1988, Control of trace element solubility in coal fly ash leachates, in Annual Madison Waste Conference, 11th, Madison, Wisconsin, September 13–14, 1988, Proceedings: p. 311–322.
Hassett, D.J., and Hassett, D.F., 1988, Fixation of leachable elements in composite waste forms from North Dakota lignite coal conversion ash, in McCarthy, G.J., Hemmings, R.I., and Berry, E.E., eds., Fly ash and coal conversion by-products: Characterization, utilization, and disposal IV, Materials Research Society Symposium, Boston, Massachusetts, November 30 – December 2, 1987, Proceedings.
McCarthy, G.J., 1988, Qualitative and quantitative XRD analysis of fly ash, in O'Connor, B., ed., Australian X-Ray Analysis Association AXAA-88 Conference, University of Western Australia, Perth, 1988, Proceedings: 21 p.
McCarthy, G.J., 1988, X-ray powder diffraction for studying the mineralogy of fly ash, in McCarthy, G.J., Glasser, F.P., Roy, D.M., and Hemmings, R.T., eds., Fly ash and coal conversion by-products: Characterization, utilization, and disposal IV, Materials Research Society Symposium, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 1988, Proceedings: v. 113, p. 75–86.
McCarthy, G.J., Glasser, F.P., Roy, D.M., and Hemmings, R.T., eds., 1988, Fly ash and coal conversion by-products: Characterization, utilization, and disposal IV: Materials Research Society Symposium, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 1988, Proceedings: v. 113, 346 p.
McCarthy, G.J., Johansen, D.M., and Steinwand, S.J., 1988, X-ray diffraction analysis of fly ash: Advances in X-Ray Analysis, v. 31, p. 331–342.
McCarthy, G.J., Johansen, D.M., Thedchanamoorthy, A., Steinwand, S.J., and Swanson, K.D., 1988, Characterization of North American lignite fly ash II. XRD mineralogy, in McCarthy, G.J., Glasser, F.P., Roy, D.M., and Hemmings, R.T., eds., Fly ash and coal conversion by-products: Characterization, utilization, and disposal IV, Materials Research Society Symposium, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 1988, Proceedings: v. 113, p. 99–106.
McCarthy, G.J., and Johansen, D.M., 1988, X-ray powder diffraction study of NBS fly ash standard reference materials: Powder Diffraction, v. 3, p. 156–161.
McCarthy, G.J., Stevenson, R.J., and Hassett, D.J., 1988, Characterization, extraction, and reuse of coal gasification solid wastes, in Groenewold, G.H., ed., Volume I – Characterization of coal gasification solid wastes: Final report for Gas Research Institute Contract No. 5082-253-0071, 233 p.
Stevenson, R.J., Collier, J.C., Crashell, J.J., and Quandt, L.R., 1988, Characterization of North American lignite fly ashes I: Chemical characterization, in McCarthy, G.J., Glasser, F.P., Roy, D.M., and Hemmings, R.T., eds., Fly ash and coal conversion by-products: Characterization, utilization, and disposal IV, Materials Research Society Symposium, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 1988, Proceedings: v. 113, p. 87–98.
Beaver, F.W., Groenewold, G.H., Manz, O.E., and Hassett, D.J., 1987, The effects of fly ash and flue gas desulfurization wastes on groundwater quality in a reclaimed lignite strip mine: Final report for U.S. Department of Energy Contract Nos. DE-AC21-80FC10230 and DE-AC21-80FC10120, Grand Forks, North Dakota, Energy & Environmental Research Center.
Hassett, D.J., Daly, D.J., Groenewold, G.H., and Schmit, C.R., 1987, Attenuation capacity of shallow geologic materials with respect to trace elements, Powder River low-rank coal region, in Han, K.N., and Klilche, C.A., eds., AIRM Western Regional Conference on Precious Metals, Coal, and Environment, Black Hills Section, 3rd, Rapid City, South Dakota, September 23–26, 1987, Proceedings: p. 256–262.
Hassett, D.J., and Groenewold, G.H., 1987, Trace element attenuation by Texas sediments, in Madison Waste Conference, 10th, Madison, Wisconsin, September 29–30, 1987, Proceedings: p. 548–563.
Hassett, D.J., Schmit, C.R., and Groenewold, G.H., 1987, Trace element attenuation capacity of sediments from typical coal-conversion solid-waste disposal sites in Texas, in Annual Madison Waste Conference, 10th, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 1987, Proceedings: p. 579–589.
Henke, K.R., Zobeck, B.J., Moretti, C.J., and Mann, M.D., 1987, Leaching studies of solid wastes generated from fluidized-bed combustion of low-rank western coals: Presented at the International Conference of Fluidized-Bed Combustion, 9th, Boston, Massachusetts, May 3–7, 1987.
Kalmanovitch, D.P.; Steadman, E.N.; Montgomery, G.G. Computer-Controlled Scanning Electron Microscopic Characterization of Coal Ash Deposits. In Proceedings of the Joint Power Generation Conference; American Society of Mechanical Engineers; ASME Paper 87-JPGC-FACT-4; 1987.
Kumarathasan, P., and McCarthy, G.J., 1987, Laboratory modeling and XRD characterization of the hydration reactions of lignite gasification and combustion waste forms, in Fly ash and coal conversion by-products: Characterization, utilization, and disposal III, Materials Research Society Symposium, 1987, Proceedings: v. 86, p. 109–112.
Manz, O.E., 1987, Utilization of lignite and subbituminous ashes, slags, and gasification ashes in a variety of commercially viable products, in International Coal Ash Utilization Symposium, 8th, American Coal Ash Association, 1987, Proceedings: v. 2, p. 60–1 to 60–19.
Manz, O.E., Collins, B.A., Perri, J.S., and Golden, D.M., 1987, Utilization of advanced SO2 control by-products: Laboratory test results, in International Coal Ash Utilization Symposium, 8th, American Coal Ash Association, 1987, Proceedings: v. 1, p. 8-1 to 8-19.
Manz, O.E., McCarthy, G.J., Dockter, B.A., and Stevenson, R.J., 1987, Characterization and classification of lignite fly ashes for use in concrete: Presented at the Biennial Lignite Symposium, 14th, Dallas, Texas, May 1987.
Manz, O.E., McCarthy, G.J., Dockter, B.A., Swanson, K.D., Johanson, D.M., and Steinwand, S.J., 1987, Sulfate resistance of lignite and subbituminous fly ash concrete: Test results and proposal for an improved R-factor: Presented at the Mather Concrete Durability Conference, American Concrete Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, April 1987.
McCarthy, G.J., Johansen, D.M., Steinwand, S.J., Hassett, D.J., Manz, O.E., and Stevenson, R.J., 1987, Correlations of chemistry and mineralogy in western U.S. fly ash, in Fly ash and coal conversion by-products: Characterization, utilization, and disposal III, Materials Research Society Symposium, 1987, Proceedings: v. 86, p. 159–170.
Moretti, C.J., Henke, K.R., and Wentz, C.A., 1987, Immobilization of arsenic in coal combustion fly ash leachates, in Annual Meeting of the Fine Particle Society, 18th, Boston, Massachusetts, August 3–7, 1987, Proceedings.
Moretti, C.J., Wentz, C.A., and Wiken, K.W., 1987, Development of fly ash liners for waste disposal sites, in International Coal Ash Symposium, 8th, American Coal Ash Association, 1987, Proceedings: v. 2, p. 47-1 to 47-13.
Moretti, C.J., Wiken, K.W., Manz, O.E., and Wentz, C.A., 1987, The utilization of fly ash as a liner for waste disposal sites: Presented at the AIChE 1987 Summer National Meeting, Minneapolis, Minnesota, August 16–19, 1987.
Wentz, C.A., Moretti, C.J., Henke, K.R., Manz, O.E., and Wiken, K.U., 1987, Use of fly ash as a waste minimization strategy: Environmental Progress, v. 7, no. 3, p. 198–206.
Hassett, D.J., Henke, K.R., and McCarthy, G.J., 1986, Leaching behavior of fixed-bed gasification ash derived from North Dakota lignite, Fly ash and coal conversion by-products: Characterization, utilization, and disposal II, Materials Research Society Symposium, 1986, Proceedings: v. 65, p. 285–300.
Henke, K.R., and Moretti, C.J., 1986, Chemical characterization of electrostatic precipitator ashes from pressurized hydrated-lime injection tests: International Conference of the Development of Alternative Energy Sources and the Lessons Learned Since the Oil Embargo, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, May 1986, 14 p.
Manz, O.E., and McCarthy, G.J., 1986, Effectiveness of western U.S. high-lime fly ash for use in concrete, in Malhotra, V.M., ed., Fly ash, silica fume, slag, and natural pozzolans in concrete: American Concrete Institute, SP-91, p. 347–366.
McCarthy, G.J., 1986, Quantitative x-ray phase analysis of lignite gasification ash: Illustration of a strategy for analysis of very complex solids: Powder Diffraction, v. 1, p. 50–57.
McCarthy, G.J., Hassett, D.J., Manz, O.E., Groenewold, G.H., Stevenson, R.J., and Henke, K.R., 1986, Technical basis for codisposal of gasification and combustion ash from the plants at Beulah, ND, in Fly ash and coal conversion by-products: Characterization, utilization, and disposal II, Materials Research Society Symposium, 1986, Proceedings: v. 65, p. 301–310.
McCarthy, G.J., Manz, O.E., Stevenson, R.J., Hassett, D.J., and Groenewold, G.H., 1986, Western fly ash research, development, and data center, in Fly ash and coal conversion by-products: Characterization, utilization, and disposal II, Materials Research Society Symposium, 1986, Proceedings: v. 65, p. 165–166.
Moretti, C.J., and Henke, K.R., 1986, Waste characterization: Final report for the period ending March 31, 1986, DOE/FE/60181-2090, 120 p.
Stevenson, R.J., and McCarthy, G.J., 1986, Mineralogy of fixed bed gasification ash derived from North Dakota lignite, in Fly ash and coal conversion by-products: Characterization, utilization and disposal II, Materials Research Society Symposium, 1986, Proceedings: v. 65, p. 77–90.
Hassett, D.J., Henke, K.E., and McCarthy, G.J., 1985, Characterization of a lignite ash from the METC gasifier: III. Leaching behavior, in Fly ash and coal conversion by-products: Characterization, utilization, and disposal I, Materials Research Society Symposium, 1985, Proceedings: v. 43, p. 188–194.
Manz, O.E., and Mitchell, M.J., 1985, Selection of ash for utilization and economics of ash use in various products, in Biennial Lignite Symposium, 13th, Bismarck, North Dakota, May 1985, Proceedings: p. 638–651.
McCarthy, G.J., Keller, L.P., Stevenson, R.J., Galbreath, K.C., and Steinwand, A.M., 1985, Characterization of a lignite ash from the METC gasifier: I. Mineralogy, in Fly ash and coal conversion by-products: Characterization, utilization, and disposal I, Materials Research Society Symposium, 1985, Proceedings: v. 43, p. 165–176.
McCarthy, G.J., and Steinwand, S.J., 1985, The mineralogy of low-rank coal fly ash, in Jones, M.L., ed., Technology and utilization of low-rank coals: Biennial Lignite Symposium, 13th, Proceedings: v. 2, p. 600–608.
Santhanam, C.J.; Greenwald, C.G.; Stahr, J.J. Utilization of Western Fly Ash in Wet Scrubbing FGD Processes; DOE/FC/10479-1708; 1985; 253 p.
Benson, S.A.; Rindt, D.K.; Montgomery, G.G.; Sears, D.R. Microanalytical Characterization of a North Dakota Fly Ash. Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1984, 23 (2), 252–256.
Dahlin, R.S.; Bickelhaupt, R.E.; Marchange, G.H., Jr.; Gooch, J.P. On-Site Field Tests for Study of Low-Rank Western Coal Fly Ash; Technical Summary Report for Field Test No. 3, Big Brown Station Electrostatic Precipitator; DOE/FC/10225-1584 (DE84010496); 1984; 43 p.
McCarthy, G.J., Keller, L.P., Schields, P.J., Elless, M.P., and Galbreath, K.C., 1984, Mineralogical characterization of a lignite gasification ash from a low-Btu fixed-bed gasifier: I. X-ray analysis: Cement and Concrete Research, v. 14, p. 479–484.
McCarthy, G.J., Swanson, K.D., Keller, L.P., and Blatter, W.C., 1984, Mineralogy of western fly ash: Cement and Concrete Research, v. 14, p. 471–478.
Mitchell, M.J.; Severson, D.E.; Manz, O.E. Comparative Economics of Several Alternatives for Bulk Utilization of Coal Gasification Ash. Presented at the 1984 Materials Research Society Symposium, Boston, MA, 1984, 10 p.